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Historical Models: Classic and New Code

 

Historically, the work products of modeling are variously referred to as patterns, formats, and strategies. In this book, we distinguish between the classic code of NLP and the new code of NLP. These terms are to be understood as follows:


1. Classic code:the set of patterns coded by Grinder and Bandler during the collaboration (1973 through 1979) that created the field of NLP modeling  through their initial modeling of geniuses (e.g. Perls, Satir, Erickson...). It is important to note that the patterns typical of this period of collaboration are a mixture of two types of patterning:

 

a. Pattern smodeled directly from the sources as mentioned above.


b. Patterns designed by Grinder and Bandler by manipulating the essential variables they had uncovered and partially coded as the result of the modelingof the original geniuses who served as the inspiration for the studies inexcellence in the field of change work.

 

Note that this second source for patterning is not modeling in the sense defined here but design ¡Ý more specifically, the manipulation of the variables discovered in the initial modeling studies and their use asessential design variables in the creation of new patterning.

 

2. New Code: theinitial set of patterns designed (1984- 1986) by Grinder and Delozier during their collaboration and its more recent extensions and refinements.

 

Grinder has continued since 1986 to extend, refine and design additional patterning consistent with the characteristics of the new code. Since 1989, he has been collaborating with Carmen Bostic St. Clair in this work. Bostic St. Clair and Grinder have also focused their efforts during this interim on the modeling and design of patterning of excellence in the context of large organizations (companies, institutes and in some cases governments).

 

Thus, the classic and new codes are examples of models.

¡Ê'Whispering in the Wind' p.56¡Ë

John&Carmen

 
















Whispering In The Wind
John Grinder & Carmen Bostic
2001-12-31




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Model


More typically than a single pattern, the work product of a NLP modeling project isa collection of patterns
¡Ý that is, amodel. Models are to be sharply differentiated from two other associated notions, replicas and theories.


A model is simply that, a model
¡Ý adescription of some portion of the source's behavior, a mapping from a complex set of interactions onto a reduced set of elements. Thus the resulting description is always a reduced representation of the complex behaviors offered by the source. This is the distinction between a replica and a model. A model does NOT represent any attempt at achieving an isomorphic mapping between thesource's performance and the description purporting to describe it. Indeed, thevalue of a pattern/model is to offer the interested party a simplified description of the complex behavior(s) the source himself or herself displays.This reduction is essential if the pattern/mode lis to meet the requirements of being learnable and transferable in a relatively efficient manner.


The readeris alerted to the distinction between a reduced representation and reductionism. Reductionism is a movement (found in many disciplines) to reduce the patterningunder scrutiny to a fixed set of elements, typically at what is considered amore fundamental or elementary level of description. For example, any attempt to map the patterning of biological phenomena onto a purely chemical andphysical vocabulary is an example of reductionism. Indeed, it is only replicas that may be said to not undergo a mapping onto a reduced representation.

 

A reduced representation doesnot necessarily imply a fixed set of elements or some fixed vocabulary. Itsimply recognizes that the mapping done by a modeler in NLP during the codingphase (when accomplished successfully) is a mapping from the complexperformance of the man, woman or group under study (the source of thepatterning of excellence) onto a model that simply ignores those aspects of theperformance of the source not required for the learner to reproduce the excellent behaviors of the original source in the context in which the modeling occurs. This is fundamentally a sorting of essential from accidental aspects ofthe person or group serving as a source of the patterning, and is, in theobvious sense, a reduced representation.

The collections of patterns or models that result from the modeling of excellence contrast not only with replicas but critically also with theories. Theoriesare, for example, subject to a number of criteria for their evaluation including internal consistency, explicitness, elegance (minimal description ¡Ý Occam¡Çs Razor) and fitwith ¡Éreality¡É oras it is sometimes expressed, ¡Étruth¡É ...Models are simpler creatures; the solecriterion (at least thus far accepted) for their evaluationis, 

 

Does this pattern/model work – that is,isit learnable and upon learning it, does the learner display behavior similar in results and quality to the source from which it was extracted?

 

Collections of patterns associated by some common principle(s) will be called a model – we canidentify two such classes of models:


1. common source principle - a set of patterns all of which were modeled from the samesource. For example, the patterns discovered and coded by Bandler and Grinderfrom their observation, assimilation and testing of the specific strategies employed by Dr. Erickson and named the Milton model.

 

2. common function principle – a set of patterns all of which are designed to serve thesame function. For example, the hypnotic patterns that have in common the purpose of communicating directly with the unconscious of the person to whom they aredirected without the conscious participation of that person. These include notonly the patterning modeled by Grinder and Bandler in their extended study ofDr. Erickson, but patterns designed using the variables discovered in that modeling as well as other sources of hypnotic patterning.


The term model in NLP is used in a systematically ambiguous manner; it can refer either, assuggested above, to collection of patterns (e.g. the Milton model) or to thesource of inspiration for the patterning (in the case of the Milton Model, Dr.Milton H. Erickson himself).

 

Models (in the sense of a collection of patterns associated by some principle(s)) may be pure or hybrid; by pure model, we intend that all the patterns in thecollection have a common source (e.g. the Milton model) while by the term hybrid, we intend reference to a collection of patterns whose source is not unitary ¡Ý that is, that has morethan one source of patterning. An example of a hybrid model is the Meta model (whose sources include Perls, Satir and the field of transformational syntax).

 

Collecting all of the secomments, we have the core activity of NLP ¡Ý NLP modeling that results in the creation of a set of patterns or a model. The vast majority of the actual activity at present inwhat is loosely referred to as the field of NLP is application and training ¡Ý more specifically, application and training of the sets of patterns (or equivalently, models) that are the work product of modeling projects to specific areas of endeavor (change work. for example, either remedial or for the purposes of optimization of performance, business practice,sports, medicine, art...)
¡Ê'Whispering in the Wind' p.54-56¡Ë

John&Carmen
















Whispering In The Wind
John Grinder & Carmen Bostic
2001-12-31



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Presentation of Patterning

 

1. Descriptionof the pattern: asensory-grounded description of the elements in the pattern and their critical ordering (that is, the sequencein which those elements are to be applied¡Ýhistorically, in NLP, this hastaken the form of steps in a format which define what the practitioner is to do first, second...).

 

2. Consequences of the use of the pattern: a sensory-grounded description of what consequences the practitioner can anticipate through acongruent application of the pattern.

 

3. Selection criteria: the identification of the conditions or contexts in which thes election and application of this pattern is appropriate (as known at thetimeby the modeler)¡Ýfor example inthe field of change work, making the distinction between the pattern'sappropriatenessfor 1stand 2nd order changes. This description should includeany contraindications (conditions under which the pattern isexpressly NOT tobe selected and applied).

 

 

Our intention in proposing the above format, Presentation of Patterning, is to create a standard format whereby modelers can report their findings (patterning) in amanner that allows easy evaluation of their work, the ability to build on it with further patterning and a clear procedure for its application. Our inclusion of selection criteria is expressly designed to develop, refine and promote this less well-developed portion of reporting of patterning in NLP modeling. 

¡Ê'Whispering in the Wind' p.53-54¡Ë

 John&Carmen














Whispering In The Wind
John Grinder 
Carmen Bostic St. Clair
2001-12-31






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Pattern

The key unit of analysis in NLP modeling is the pattern, the natural work product of a modeling process. A pattern itself is a redundancy or, borrowing from Gregory Bateson's work,


any aggregate of events or objects (e.g. a sequence of phonemes, a painting, or a frog or a culture) shall be said to containa "redundancy" or a ¡Èpattern" if the aggregate can be divided in any way by a "slash mark" such that an observer perceiving only what is on one side of the slash mark can guess with better than random success, what is on the other side of the slash mark.... Or, againfrom the point of viewof a cybernetic observer, the information available on one side of the slashwill restrain) i.e. reduce the probability of) wrong guessing. ¡ÊGregory Bateson, Steps to an Ecology of Mind, page 131¡Ë

The work product of a NLP modeling project thenis always (minimally) a pattern.

As a common example, observe birds moving from perching behavior to flight. Their sequence always includes a point in their behavior where they push down¡¡on the surface upon which they are perched prior to achieving flight. Thus, if we were to write out a description of the bird's activities beginning while the bird isperched and terminating when the bird airborne, we would be able toplace a slash mark between the portion of the description when the bird pushes down on its perch and its achieving flight. 

The typical form an application pattern takes in NLP is a sequence (partiallyortotally ordered) of statements (for the most part injunctive as opposed to declarative) containing variables that identify what is to be manipulated and instructions indicating which operations to perform on those variables. In the context of application, the term format is often used synonymously with pattern.

A deeper analysis of the actual application patterns reveals that such application patterns areactually a series of attention points that indicate where and howto fix either the client's attention, the agent of change's attention or both.

This discussion leads us to a very specific research proposal. We urge that all patterns proposed in NLP modeling and presented in the field either in the literature or through oral presentation, satisfy the following three minimal requirements (or their equivalents)
¡Ý sptecifically:
¡Ê'Whispering in the Wind' p.52-53¡Ë

John&Carmen
















Whispering In The Wind
John Grinder 
Carmen Bostic St. Clair
2001-12-31






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Modeling, Application or Design

In actual usage over the last several decades, the term NLP has come to refer to the general set of activities that includes not only modeling, but applications ot the product of the core activity of modeling¡Ýthe patterns of excellence coded from the sets of differences discoveres¡Ýas well as the teaching and training these patterns. In part, the drift in the meaning is a measure of the ineffectivenss of the co-creators to make clear and precise what NLP is.

The required distinction is the same as the distinction between physics and engineering, or medical research and clinial practice, or chemistry and pharmacology. Physics, for example, is the study of the patterns that govern the physical phenomena about us. Such studies over centuries have resulted in the coding of certain patterns, principles, laws of nature... An engineer designing a bridge will draw upon this body of tested and verified patterning (especially the computational formulae) to carry out his work. He is said to be applying the principles of physics in order to work how specifically the bridge should be constructed. Physics¡Ýthe study of the fundamental patterns of physical phenomena¡Ýcan be applied in multiple instances from bridge bulding to the design of extraterrestrial vehicles. Such examples are application of physics, pure and simple.

Comparably, the modeling of geniuses done by Grinder and Bandrer created the field of NLP, resulting in a series of models of excellence. These models coded patterns that govern the patterns of interactions among people in certain contexts (change work, hypnosis...). A business consultant addressing a challenge within a client company will draw upon the pattern. She will be said to be applying this body of tested and verified patterns in order to determine how specifically to resolve the challenge. NLP¡Ýthe study of the fundamental patterns of excellence in human performance¡Ýcan be applied (in the context of business practice, for example) to manegement practice, strategic planning, personnel, recruitment, new product design... Such examples are applications of NLP, pure and simple.

The meta model can, for example, be usefully understood to be an application ot the modeling of linguistic patterning inspired by Transformational Grammar.

It is important to note that in the coding of a large number of patterns in the initial modeling done by Grinder and Bandler is a set of variables. These variables (for example, state), inherent in each of the coded models, constitute an initial vocabulary out of which the patterning of excellenceis composed. Such variables may function as the design variables for creating and testing assitional patterns. While these may be largely variations on the patterning initially discovered and coded by Bandler and Grinder, it is possible to use them to develop genuinely new patterning and models. The new code (covered in Part­¶ under The New Code) is an excellent example of pure design, a pure manipulation of these variables. Thus, we identify the distinction between modeling and design.

Indeed, from our limited point or view, there is little activity in the general field knows as NLP modeling that strictly speaking should be so labeled. In fact, part of the motivatoin for writing this book is our concern that unless the distinction we are presently proposing is recognized and more importantly, the activity of modeling becomes in fact a significant activity of what is loosely called NLP, the technoolgy of modeling that produced such powerful patterning will simply fade away. It is, for example, almost impossible to attend a high quality management seminar in the USA or Western Europe without encountering any number of NLP coded patterns of excellence such as representational systems or much of the vgerbal patterning. Thus, unless renewed activity in modeling and the coding of new patterning of excellence becomes the touchstone for NLP, then it is quite likely that the patterns of excellence initially mideled and coded will simply be incorporated in the various applications areas. Once such an integration is completed, there will be no justification for anything called NLP.

Thus we are faced in this book with a difficult linguistic issue¡Ýhow shall we refer to NLP and its various activities. If we adopt the common usage of the term NLP, the critical point concerning modeling is lost. If we insist on the distinction between NLP modeling and NLP application, we are swimming upstream in the river of usage. 

So, may we swim strongly!

For purposes of the exposition here then, we will use NLP as a generic label referring to the entire range of activities from modeling through applivations to training. In any usage in this book, where in our opinion it makes an important difference, we will specity whether we are referring to core NLP¡Ýthat is, as presented above, NLP modeling ¡Ýor to some application of NLP¡Ýtherefore, NLP application. At times we will further distinguish application from training with the use of NLP training. In some cases, the intended distinction is clear from context (the surrounding text specifies the intention of the writers adequately) and we will avoid the artifical device we have selected for a written presentation by leaving the specification out of the presentation. Our hope is that the distinction will be clear and cogent enough to activate interest on the part of some of the readers and inspire them to commit to becoming proficient and active in the modeling of excellence ¡Ý that is,

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡NLP modeling.

¡Ê'Whispering in the Wind' p.50-52¡Ë

John&Carmen















Whispering In The Wind
John Grinder
Carmen Bostic St. Clair
2001-12-31



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